| | Involvement of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and ERK pathways in the production of TGF-β1 by macrophages treated with liposomes composed of phosphatidylserineEdited by Lukas Huber Received 9 December 2006; accepted 18 December 2006. published online 03 January 2007. Abstract We explored the involvement of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and ERK pathways in the production of TGF-β1 by macrophages treated with liposomes composed of phosphatidylserine (PS-liposomes). PS-liposomes activated Akt, downstream of the PI3K signal cascade, and ERK which led to the expression of TGF-β1. PI3K inhibitors, LY294002 and wortmannin, inhibited the activation of Akt and ERK following the treatment with PS-liposomes. These inhibitors also suppressed the production of TGF-β1. Furthermore, PS-liposomes activated macrophages to induce TGF-β1 expression through PS-specific receptors. These findings suggested that a PI3K-ERK signaling pathway via the PS-receptor is intimately involved in the production of TGF-β1 which regulates macrophage functions. School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan Corresponding author. Fax: +81 42 676 3182.
PII: S0014-5793(06)01497-9 doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2006.12.032 © 2006 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier BV. All rights reserved. | |
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