FEBS Letters
Volume 584, Issue 2 , Pages 310-317, 21 January 2010

Cellular dynamics of tRNAs and their genes

Edited by Manuel Santos

  • Anita K. Hopper

      Affiliations

    • Department of Molecular Genetics, Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, 484 W. 12th Ave., Room Riffe 800, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Fax: +1 614 247 2594.
    • ,
  • Dave A. Pai

      Affiliations

    • Department of Biological Chemistry, 3200 MSRB III, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0606, USA
    • ,
  • David R. Engelke

      Affiliations

    • Department of Biological Chemistry, 3200 MSRB III, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0606, USA

Received 30 September 2009; received in revised form 10 November 2009; accepted 13 November 2009. published online 19 November 2009.

Abstract 

This discussion focuses on the cellular dynamics of tRNA transcription, processing, and turnover. Early tRNA biosynthesis steps are shared among most tRNAs, while later ones are often individualized for specific tRNAs. In yeast, tRNA transcription and early processing occur coordinately in the nucleolus, requiring topological arrangement of ∼300 tRNA genes and early processing enzymes to this site; later processing events occur in the nucleoplasm or cytoplasm. tRNA nuclear export requires multiple exporters which function in parallel and the export process is coupled with other cellular events. Nuclear-cytoplasmic tRNA subcellular movement is not unidirectional as a retrograde pathway delivers mature cytoplasmic tRNAs to the nucleus. Despite the long half-lives, there are multiple pathways to turnover damaged tRNAs or normal tRNAs upon cellular stress.

Keywords: tRNA transcription, tRNA processing, tRNA modification, Nucleolus, tRNA nuclear export, tRNA retrograde movement, tRNA turnover

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PII: S0014-5793(09)00966-1

doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2009.11.053

FEBS Letters
Volume 584, Issue 2 , Pages 310-317, 21 January 2010

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